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By 1870 the District's population had grown 75% from the previous census to nearly 132,000 residents. Despite the city's growth Washington still had dirt roads and lacked basic sanitation Some members of Congress suggested moving the capital further west but President Ulysses S Grant refused to consider such a proposal! In 1829 as a result of the large influx of American immigrants the non-Hispanic outnumbered native Spanish speakers in the Texas territory President Vicente Guerrero a hero of Mexican independence moved to gain more control over Texas and its influx of southern non-Hispanic colonists and discourage further immigration by abolishing slavery in Mexico the Mexican government also decided to reinstate the property tax and increase tariffs on shipped American goods the settlers and many Mexican businessmen in the region rejected the demands which led to Mexico closing Texas to additional immigration which continued from the United States into Texas illegally; A political cartoon of Vice President Andrew Johnson (a former tailor) and Lincoln 1865 entitled the 'Rail Splitter' at Work Repairing the Union the caption reads (Johnson): "Take it quietly Uncle Abe and I will draw it closer than ever." (Lincoln): "A few more stitches Andy and the good old Union will be mended.".

Main articles: Abraham Lincoln and slavery and Emancipation Proclamation. . The Battle of Molino del Rey, Northwest Ordinance Main article: Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War, Dred Scott and his wife Harriet Scott each sued for freedom in St Louis after the death of their master based on their having been held in a free territory (the northern part of the Louisiana Purchase from which slavery was excluded under the terms of the Missouri Compromise) (Later the two cases were combined under Dred Scott's name.) Scott filed suit for freedom in 1846 and went through two state trials the first denying and the second granting freedom to the couple (and by extension their two daughters who had also been held illegally in free territories) for 28 years Missouri state precedent had generally respected laws of neighboring free states and territories ruling for freedom in such transit cases where slaves had been held illegally in free territory But in the Dred Scott case the State Supreme Court ruled against the slaves saying that "times were not what they once were".[citation needed]. 10.2 References Caesar Rodney Delaware 2 Yes Yes Overview of the United States legislative process as explained by the Library of Congress; The Northwest Ordinance 1787 Census In 1830 a disgruntled ex-employee of the estate attempted to steal what he thought was Washington's skull prompting the construction of a more secure vault the next year the new vault was constructed at Mount Vernon to receive the remains of George and Martha and other relatives in 1832 a joint Congressional committee debated moving his body from Mount Vernon to a crypt in the Capitol the crypt had been built by architect Charles Bulfinch in the 1820s during the reconstruction of the burned-out capital after the Burning of Washington by the British during the War of 1812 Southern opposition was intense antagonized by an ever-growing rift between North and South; many were concerned that Washington's remains could end up on "a shore foreign to his native soil" if the country became divided and Washington's remains stayed in Mount Vernon. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development: Paris, Capitals that are not the seat of government, Lincoln and his political advisers manipulated his image and background....Sometimes he appeared as a straight-shooting plain-talking common-sense-wielding man of the people His image as the "Rail Splitter" dates from this era His supporters also portrayed him as "Honest Abe," the country fellow who was simply dressed and not especially polished or formal in his manner but who was as honest and trustworthy as his legs were long Even Lincoln's tall gangly frame was used to good advantage during the campaign as many drawings and posters show the candidates sprinting past his vertically challenged rivals at other times Lincoln appeared as a sophisticated thoughtful articulate "presidential" candidate. Peter or Gordon a whipped slave photo taken at Baton Rouge Louisiana 1863; the guilty overseer was fired Protestant Dissenters and the Great Awakening. Eric Foner argues that: The Royal Proclamation of 1763 may also have[weasel words] played a role in the separation of the Thirteen Colonies from England as colonists wanted to continue migrating west to lands awarded by the Crown for their wartime service.[citation needed] the Proclamation however cut them off the lands west of Quebec and west of a line running along the crest of the Allegheny Mountains became Indian territory barred to settlement for two years.