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The end of the war Lincoln in 1858 the year of his debates with Stephen Douglas over slavery. Politics portal About 17% of D.C residents were age 18 or younger in 2010; lower than the U.S average of 24% However at 34 years old the District had the lowest median age compared to the 50 states as of 2010 there were an estimated 81,734 immigrants living in Washington D.C. Major sources of immigration include El Salvador Vietnam and Ethiopia with a concentration of Salvadorans in the Mount Pleasant neighborhood. The power of Southern states in Congress lasted until the Civil War affecting national policies legislation and appointments. One result was that justices appointed to the Supreme Court were also primarily slave owners the planter elite dominated the Southern Congressional delegations and the United States presidency for nearly 50 years.

The District of Columbia Public Charter School Board monitors the 52 public charter schools in the city. Due to the perceived problems with the traditional public school system enrollment in public charter schools has steadily increased as of fall 2010 D.C charter schools had a total enrollment of about 32,000 a 9% increase from the prior year the District is also home to 92 private schools which enrolled approximately 18,000 students in 2008 the District of Columbia Public Library operates 25 neighborhood locations including the landmark Martin Luther King Jr Memorial Library. Sociologist Barry Schwartz argues that in the 1930s and 1940s the memory of Abraham Lincoln was practically sacred and provided the nation with "a moral symbol inspiring and guiding American life" During the Great Depression he argues Lincoln served "as a means for seeing the world's disappointments for making its sufferings not so much explicable as meaningful" Franklin D Roosevelt preparing America for war used the words of the Civil War president to clarify the threat posed by Germany and Japan Americans asked "What would Lincoln do?":xi 9 24 However Schwartz also finds that since World War II Lincoln's symbolic power has lost relevance and this "fading hero is symptomatic of fading confidence in national greatness" He suggested that postmodernism and multiculturalism have diluted greatness as a concept.:xi 9, 8 Religious and philosophical beliefs Image of Lincoln being shot by Booth while sitting in a theater booth, Through the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 under the Congress of the Confederation slavery was prohibited in the territories northwest of the Ohio River; existing slaves were not freed for years although they could no longer be sold This was a compromise Thomas Jefferson proposed in 1784 to end slavery in all the territories but his bill lost in the Congress by one vote the territories south of the Ohio River (and Missouri) had authorized slavery. Northerners predominated in the westward movement into the Midwestern territory after the American Revolution; as the states were organized they voted to prohibit slavery in their constitutions when they achieved statehood: Ohio in 1803 Indiana in 1816 and Illinois in 1818 What developed was a Northern block of free states united into one contiguous geographic area that generally shared an anti-slavery culture the exceptions were the areas along the Ohio River settled by Southerners the southern portions of states such as Indiana Ohio and Illinois Residents of those areas generally shared in Southern culture and attitudes in addition these areas were devoted to agriculture longer than the industrializing northern parts of these states and some farmers used slave labor the emancipation of slaves in the North led to the growth in the population of northern free blacks from several hundred in the 1770s to nearly 50,000 by 1810! When Jefferson ran into Hamilton at President Washington's residence in New York City in late June 1790 Jefferson offered to host a dinner to bring Madison and Hamilton together Subsequently a compromise was reached in which the northern delegates would agree to the southerly Potomac River site and in return the federal government would assume debts accumulated by the states during the American Revolutionary War Jefferson wrote a letter to James Monroe explaining the compromise, This section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.