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Cabinet and executive departments George Washington Virginia 2 Yes Yes, Main article: Government of the District of Columbia In February 1786 Washington took a census of Mount Vernon and recorded 224 slaves by 1799 slaves at Mount Vernon totaled 317 that included 143 children. Washington owned 124 slaves leased 40 slaves and held 153 slaves for his wife's dower interest. Washington supported many slaves who were too young or too old to work greatly increasing Mount Vernon's slave population and causing the plantation to operate at a loss. 1860 3,953,760 488,070 4,441,830 11% 31,443,321 14% This house on Duke Street houses the Freedom House Museum with exhibits on the slave trade and the lives of slaves, 4.7 High demand and smuggling History. .

. A 2016 study published in the Journal of Politics finds that "Whites who currently live in Southern counties that had high shares of slaves in 1860 are more likely to identify as a Republican oppose affirmative action and express racial resentment and colder feelings toward blacks." the study contends that "contemporary differences in political attitudes across counties in the American South in part trace their origins to slavery's prevalence more than 150 years ago " the authors argue that their findings are consistent with the theory that "following the Civil War Southern whites faced political and economic incentives to reinforce existing racist norms and institutions to maintain control over the newly freed African American population This amplified local differences in racially conservative political attitudes which in turn have been passed down locally across generations.", Washington D.C. Business Directory 2.2.4 Self-taught or little formal education. 4.1.2 Power However the national government had no money either to pay the war debts owed to European nations and the private banks or to pay Americans who had been given millions of dollars of promissory notes for supplies during the war Nationalists led by Washington Alexander Hamilton and other veterans feared that the new nation was too fragile to withstand an international war or even internal revolts such as the Shays' Rebellion of 1786 in Massachusetts They convinced Congress to call the Philadelphia Convention in 1787 and named their party the Federalist party the Convention adopted a new Constitution which provided for a much stronger federal government including an effective executive in a check-and-balance system with the judiciary and legislature the Constitution was ratified in 1788 after a fierce debate in the states over the nature of the proposed new government the new government under President George Washington took office in New York in March 1789. James Madison spearheaded Congressional amendments to the Constitution as assurances to those who were cautious about federal power guaranteeing many of the inalienable rights that formed a foundation for the revolution and Rhode Island was the final state to ratify the Constitution in 1791, The Barbary situation led directly to the creation of the United States Navy in March 1794 While the United States managed to secure peace treaties these obliged it to pay tribute for protection from attack Payments in ransom and tribute to the Barbary states amounted to 20% of United States government annual expenditures in 1800 the First Barbary War in 1801 and the Second Barbary War in 1815 led to more favorable peace terms ending the payment of tribute; .