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. Meridian Hill Park in Columbia Heights Northwest Washington D.C Mansfield Lovell Joint sessions of the United States Congress occur on special occasions that require a concurrent resolution from both House and Senate These sessions include counting electoral votes after a presidential election and the president's State of the Union address the constitutionally mandated report normally given as an annual speech is modeled on Britain's Speech from the Throne was written by most presidents after Jefferson but personally delivered as a spoken oration beginning with Wilson in 1913 Joint Sessions and Joint Meetings are traditionally presided over by the speaker of the House except when counting presidential electoral votes when the vice president (acting as the president of the Senate) presides; . Map of free and slave states c.?1856. George Fitzhugh used assumptions about white superiority to justify slavery writing that "the Negro is but a grown up child and must be governed as a child." in the Universal Law of Slavery Fitzhugh argues that slavery provides everything necessary for life and that the slave is unable to survive in a free world because he is lazy and cannot compete with the intelligent European white race He states that "The negro slaves of the South are the happiest and in some sense the freest people in the world." Without the South "He (slave) would become an insufferable burden to society" and "Society has the right to prevent this and can only do so by subjecting him to domestic slavery.". President John Adams made his first official visit to Washington in early June 1800 which lasted for several days Amid the "raw and unfinished" cityscape the president found the public buildings "in a much greater forwardness of completion than expected." the Senate (north) wing of the Capitol was nearly completed as was the White House the president moved into the White House on November 1 First Lady Abigail Adams arrived a few weeks later the Senate of the Sixth Congress met in the Capitol for the first time on November 17 and on November 22 Adams delivered his fourth State of the Union Address to a joint session of Congress in the Senate chamber the House (south) wing was not completed until 1811 Nonetheless the House of Representatives began meeting there in 1807.[citation needed].

Other enactments 6 See also Aracaju Sergipe Brazil (1855). Seven were major land speculators: Blount Dayton Fitzsimmons Gorham Robert Morris Washington and Wilson, The philosopher Ralph Waldo Emerson shared Grant's view; towards the end of the war he wrote: "The United States will conquer Mexico but it will be as the man swallows the arsenic which brings him down in turn Mexico will poison us.". Where demand for slaves was the strongest was in what was then the southwest of the country: Alabama Mississippi and Louisiana and later Texas Arkansas and Missouri Here there was abundant land suitable for plantation agriculture which young men with some capital established This was expansion of the white monied population: younger men seeking their fortune. The Smithsonian Institution is an educational foundation chartered by Congress in 1846 that maintains most of the nation's official museums and galleries in Washington D.C the U.S government partially funds the Smithsonian and its collections are open to the public free of charge the Smithsonian's locations had a combined total of 30 million visits in 2013 the most visited museum is the National Museum of Natural History on the National Mall. Other Smithsonian Institution museums and galleries on the mall are: the National Air and Space Museum; the National Museum of African Art; the National Museum of American History; the National Museum of the American Indian; the Sackler and Freer galleries which both focus on Asian art and culture; the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden; the Arts and Industries Building; the S Dillon Ripley Center; and the Smithsonian Institution Building (also known as "The Castle") which serves as the institution's headquarters the Smithsonian American Art Museum and the National Portrait Gallery are housed in the Old Patent Office Building near Washington's Chinatown the Renwick Gallery is officially part of the Smithsonian American Art Museum but is in a separate building near the White House Other Smithsonian museums and galleries include: the Anacostia Community Museum in Southeast Washington; the National Postal Museum near Union Station; and the National Zoo in Woodley Park, 16 Bibliography Important thinkers[show] Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States by Howard Chandler Christy (1940), The Great Depression ushered in President Franklin Roosevelt and strong control by Democrats and historic New Deal policies Roosevelt's election in 1932 marked a shift in government power towards the executive branch Numerous New Deal initiatives came from the White House rather than being initiated by Congress the Democratic Party controlled both houses of Congress for many years. During this time Republicans and conservative southern Democrats formed the Conservative Coalition. Democrats maintained control of Congress during World War II. Congress struggled with efficiency in the postwar era partly by reducing the number of standing congressional committees. Southern Democrats became a powerful force in many influential committees although political power alternated between Republicans and Democrats during these years More complex issues required greater specialization and expertise such as space flight and atomic energy policy. Senator Joseph McCarthy exploited the fear of communism during the Second Red Scare and conducted televised hearings in 1960 Democratic candidate John F Kennedy narrowly won the presidency and power shifted again to the Democrats who dominated both houses of Congress until 1994; . ! . Article One Section Eight of the Constitution permits the establishment of a "District (not exceeding ten miles square) as may by cession of particular states and the acceptance of Congress become the seat of the government of the United States". However the Constitution does not specify a location for the capital in what is now known as the Compromise of 1790 Madison Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson came to an agreement that the federal government would pay each state's remaining Revolutionary War debts in exchange for establishing the new national capital in the southern United States.[a].