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See also: Cultural depictions of Abraham Lincoln, 6.1.4 Public perceptions of Congress Washington arrived in Philadelphia on May 9 1787 though a quorum was not attained until Friday May 25 Benjamin Franklin nominated Washington to preside over the convention and he was unanimously elected to serve as president general the convention's state-mandated purpose was to revise the Articles of Confederation with "all such alterations and further provisions" required to improve them and the new government would be established when the resulting document was "duly confirmed by the several states". Governor Edmund Randolph of Virginia introduced Madison's Virginia Plan on May 27 the third day of the convention it called for an entirely new constitution and a sovereign national government which Washington highly recommended. 4.7 Southern theater and Yorktown Howe's troop strength totaled 32,000 regulars and Hessians and Washington's consisted of 23,000 mostly raw recruits and militia in August Howe landed 20,000 troops at Gravesend Brooklyn and approached Washington's fortifications as King George III proclaimed the rebellious American colonists to be traitors. Washington opposing his generals chose to fight based on inaccurate information that Howe's army had only 8,000 plus troops. Howe assaulted Washington's flank and inflicted 1,500 Patriot casualties with the British suffering 400. Washington retreated instructing General William Heath to acquisition river craft in the area On August 30 General William Alexander held off the British and gave cover while the army crossed the East River under darkness to Manhattan Island without loss of life or material although Alexander was captured. Caning of Charles Sumner Star of the West. Agitation against slavery The District of Columbia Organic Act of 1871 created a single new district corporation governing the entire federal territory called the District of Columbia thus dissolving the three major political subdivisions of the District (Port of Georgetown the City of Washington and Washington County) and their governments by this time the county also contained other small settlements and nascent suburbs of Washington outside its bounded limits such as Anacostia which had been incorporated in 1854 as Uniontown; Fort Totten dating at least to the Civil War; and Barry Farm a large tract bought by the Freedmen's Bureau and granted to formerly enslaved and free-born African Americans in 1867. 10 Slavery Political divisions inside Mexico were another factor in the U.S victory Inside Mexico the centralistas and republicanos vied for power and at times these two factions inside Mexico's military fought each other rather than the invading U.S Army Another faction called the monarchists whose members wanted to install a monarch (some advocated rejoining Spain) further complicated matters This third faction would rise to predominance in the period of the French intervention in Mexico the ease of the U.S landing at Veracruz was in large part due to civil warfare in Mexico City which made any real defense of the port city impossible as Gen Santa Anna said "However shameful it may be to admit this we have brought this disgraceful tragedy upon ourselves through our interminable in-fighting.", History[show] When detailed studies were issued by the Corps in the 1950s they met sustained opposition led by U.S Supreme Court Justice William O Douglas resulting in the plans' abandonment the only dam project that did get built was Jennings Randolph Lake on the North Branch the Corps built a supplementary water intake for the Washington Aqueduct at Little Falls in 1959, Prisoners College of New Jersey (now Princeton): James Madison Gunning Bedford Jr Aaron Burr Benjamin Rush and William Paterson.

Washington decided that "The Government of the United States are determined that their Administration of Indian Affairs shall be directed entirely by the great principles of Justice and humanity" and provided that their land interests should be negotiated by treaties the administration regarded powerful tribes as foreign nations and Washington even smoked a peace pipe and drank wine with them at the Philadelphia presidential house. He made numerous attempts to conciliate them; he equated killing indigenous peoples with killing Whites and sought to integrate them into European American culture. Secretary of War Henry Knox also attempted to encourage agriculture among the tribes, 1.2 Design and construction At the start of each two-year session the House elects a speaker who does not normally preside over debates but serves as the majority party's leader in the Senate the vice president is the ex officio president of the Senate in addition the Senate elects an officer called the president pro tempore Pro tempore means for the time being and this office is usually held by the most senior member of the Senate's majority party and customarily keeps this position until there is a change in party control Accordingly the Senate does not necessarily elect a new president pro tempore at the beginning of a new Congress in both the House and Senate the actual presiding officer is generally a junior member of the majority party who is appointed so that new members become acquainted with the rules of the chamber. The Utah Territory is shown in blue and outlined in black the boundaries of the provisional State of Deseret are shown with a dotted line March 1861 inaugural at the Capitol building the dome above the rotunda was still under construction; Jefferson Adams Jay and Franklin all acquired significant political experience as ministers to countries in Europe. . Interpretations vary concerning the effect of the Revolution Contemporaries of the period referred to it as "the revolution", although the war is sometimes known as the "American War of Independence" outside the United States particularly in the United Kingdom, In 2007 24.7 million passengers passed through the airport, Further information: Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War and Naval operations in the American Revolutionary War.