The Spanish and the Dutch became allies of the French in 1779 and 1780 respectively forcing the British to fight a global war without major allies and requiring it to slip through a combined blockade of the Atlantic Britain began to view the American war for independence as merely one front in a wider war, and the British chose to withdraw troops from America to reinforce the sugar-producing Caribbean colonies which were more lucrative to British investors British commander Sir Henry Clinton evacuated Philadelphia and returned to New York City General Washington intercepted him in the Battle of Monmouth Court House the last major battle fought in the north After an inconclusive engagement the British retreated to New York City the northern war subsequently became a stalemate as the focus of attention shifted to the smaller southern theater. Main article: United States congressional committee The architecture of Washington varies greatly Six of the top 10 buildings in the American Institute of Architects' 2007 ranking of "America's Favorite Architecture" are in the District of Columbia: the White House the Washington National Cathedral the Thomas Jefferson Memorial the United States Capitol the Lincoln Memorial and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial the neoclassical Georgian gothic and modern architectural styles are all reflected among those six structures and many other prominent edifices in Washington Notable exceptions include buildings constructed in the French Second Empire style such as the Eisenhower Executive Office Building. The war expenses of the individual states added up to $114 million compared to $37 million by the central government in 1790 Congress combined the remaining state debts with the foreign and domestic debts into one national debt totaling $80 million at the recommendation of first Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton Everyone received face value for wartime certificates so that the national honor would be sustained and the national credit established, Lincoln at Antietam There were no laws regarding slavery early in Virginia's history But in 1640 a Virginia court sentenced John Punch an African to slavery after he attempted to flee his service the two whites with whom he fled were sentenced only to an additional year of their indenture and three years' service to the colony. This marked the first legal sanctioning of slavery in the English colonies and was one of the first legal distinctions made between Europeans and Africans! .
. Unlike in the South slave owners in Utah were required to send their slaves to school. Black slaves did not have to spend as much time in school as Indian slaves. Fellow Whig Abraham Lincoln contested Polk's causes for the war Polk had said that Mexico had "shed American blood upon American soil" Lincoln submitted eight "Spot Resolutions" demanding that Polk state the exact spot where Thornton had been attacked and American blood shed and clarify whether or not that location was actually American soil or in fact had been claimed by Spain and Mexico Lincoln too refused to actually stop money for men or supplies.:151. Washington D.C. Business Directory The power of Southern states in Congress lasted until the Civil War affecting national policies legislation and appointments. One result was that justices appointed to the Supreme Court were also primarily slave owners the planter elite dominated the Southern Congressional delegations and the United States presidency for nearly 50 years.
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