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Demographics After Taylor died and was succeeded by Fillmore Douglas took the lead in passing Clay's compromise through Congress as five separate bills Under the compromise Texas surrendered its claims to present-day New Mexico and other states in return for federal assumption of Texas's public debt California was admitted as a free state while the remaining portions of the Mexican Cession were organized into New Mexico Territory and Utah Territory Under the concept of popular sovereignty the people of each territory would decide whether or not slavery would be permitted the compromise also included a more stringent Fugitive Slave Law and banned the slave trade in Washington D.C the issue of slavery in the territories would be re-opened by the Kansas-Nebraska Act but many historians argue that the Compromise of 1850 played a major role in postponing the American Civil War. Francis Lewis New York 2 Yes Yes The river has two sources the source of the North Branch is at the Fairfax Stone located at the junction of Grant Tucker and Preston counties in West Virginia the source of the South Branch is located near Hightown in northern Highland County Virginia the river's two branches converge just east of Green Spring in Hampshire County West Virginia to form the Potomac As it flows from its headwaters down to the Chesapeake Bay the Potomac traverses five geological provinces: the Appalachian Plateau the Ridge and Valley the Blue Ridge the Piedmont Plateau and the Atlantic coastal plain; 8 Religious and philosophical beliefs U.S journalism during the war In 1654 John Casor a black indentured servant in colonial Virginia was the first man to be declared a slave in a civil case He had claimed to an officer that his master Anthony Johnson himself a free black had held him past his indenture term a neighbor Robert Parker told Johnson that if he did not release Casor he would testify in court to this fact Under local laws Johnson was at risk for losing some of his headright lands for violating the terms of indenture Under duress Johnson freed Casor Casor entered into a seven years' indenture with Parker Feeling cheated Johnson sued Parker to repossess Casor a Northampton County Virginia court ruled for Johnson declaring that Parker illegally was detaining Casor from his rightful master who legally held him "for the duration of his life". . In 1846 relations between the two countries had deteriorated considerably and on April 23 1846 the president of Mexico issued a proclamation declaring Mexico's intent to fight a "defensive war" against the encroachment of the United States. On April 25 1846 two thousand Mexican cavalry crossed into the disputed territory and routed a small detachment of American soldiers sparking the "Thornton Affair". Polk received word of the Thornton Affair which added to the Mexican government's rejection of Slidell Polk believed constituted a casus belli. His message to Congress on May 11 1846 claimed that "Mexico has passed the boundary of the United States has invaded our territory and shed American blood upon American soil.", Numerous universities including George Washington University and Washington University in St Louis were named in honor of Washington, 15.1 Reference works Background "The victories in Mexico were in every instance over vastly superior numbers There were two reasons for this Both General Scott and General Taylor had such armies as are not often got together At the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca-de-la-Palma General Taylor had a small army but it was composed exclusively of regular troops under the best of drill and discipline Every officer from the highest to the lowest was educated in his profession not at West Point necessarily but in the camp in garrison and many of them in Indian wars the rank and file were probably inferior as material out of which to make an army to the volunteers that participated in all the later battles of the war; but they were brave men and then drill and discipline brought out all there was in them a better army man for man probably never faced an enemy than the one commanded by General Taylor in the earliest two engagements of the Mexican war the volunteers who followed were of better material but without drill or discipline at the start They were associated with so many disciplined men and professionally educated officers that when they went into engagements it was with a confidence they would not have felt otherwise They became soldiers themselves almost at once All these conditions we would enjoy again in case of war.".

. By 1865 the defenses of Washington were most stout amply covering both land and sea approaches at war's end the now 37 miles (60 km) of line included at least 68 forts over 20 miles (32 km) of rifle pits and were supported by 32 miles (51 km) of military use only roads and four individual picket stations 93 separate batteries of artillery had been placed on this line comprising over 1,500 guns both field & siege varieties as well as mortars. ! The five component parts of the district operated their own governments at the lower level the three cities within the district (Georgetown the City of Washington and Alexandria) operated their own municipal governments each with a continuous history of mayors Robert Brent the first mayor of the City of Washington was appointed directly by Thomas Jefferson in 1802 after the city's organization that year. Charles Humphreys Pennsylvania 1 Yes After Great Britain and the United States outlawed the international slave trade in 1807 British slave trade suppression activities began in 1808 through diplomatic efforts and formation of the Royal Navy's West Africa Squadron From 1819 they were assisted by forces from the United States Navy With the Webster-Ashburton Treaty of 1842 the relationship with Britain was formalized and the two countries jointly ran the Blockade of Africa with their navies. In the first two decades after the American Revolution state legislatures and individuals took actions to free numerous slaves in part based on revolutionary ideals Northern states passed new constitutions that contained language about equal rights or specifically abolished slavery; some states such as New York and New Jersey where slavery was more widespread passed laws by the end of the 18th century to abolish slavery by a gradual method; in New York the last slaves were freed in 1827, The theory of the "social contract" influenced the belief among many of the Founders that the right of the people to overthrow their leaders was one of the "natural rights" of man should those leaders betray the historic rights of Englishmen the Americans heavily used Montesquieu's analysis of the wisdom of the "balanced" British Constitution (mixed government) in writing the state and national constitutions. In 1868 this committee of representatives prosecuted President Andrew Johnson in his impeachment trial but the Senate did not convict him.