. . However the national government had no money either to pay the war debts owed to European nations and the private banks or to pay Americans who had been given millions of dollars of promissory notes for supplies during the war Nationalists led by Washington Alexander Hamilton and other veterans feared that the new nation was too fragile to withstand an international war or even internal revolts such as the Shays' Rebellion of 1786 in Massachusetts They convinced Congress to call the Philadelphia Convention in 1787 and named their party the Federalist party the Convention adopted a new Constitution which provided for a much stronger federal government including an effective executive in a check-and-balance system with the judiciary and legislature the Constitution was ratified in 1788 after a fierce debate in the states over the nature of the proposed new government the new government under President George Washington took office in New York in March 1789. James Madison spearheaded Congressional amendments to the Constitution as assurances to those who were cautious about federal power guaranteeing many of the inalienable rights that formed a foundation for the revolution and Rhode Island was the final state to ratify the Constitution in 1791. During the ensuing battle the U.S breached a wall of the church and directed cannon fire into the interior inflicting many casualties and killing about 150 rebels They captured 400 more men after close hand-to-hand fighting Only seven Americans died in the battle. Most American Indians rejected pleas that they remain neutral and instead supported the British Crown the great majority of the 200,000 Indians east of the Mississippi distrusted the Colonists and supported the British cause hoping to forestall continued colonial expansion into their territories. Those tribes that were more closely involved in trade tended to side with the Patriots although political factors were important as well, Political divisions 8.1 Convict leasing, 5.2 Joint sessions In unitary states which consist of multiple constituent nations such as the United Kingdom or the Kingdom of Denmark each will usually have its own capital city Unlike in federations there is usually not a separate national capital but rather the capital city of one constituent nation will also be the capital of the state overall such as London which is the capital of England and the United Kingdom Similarly each of the autonomous communities of Spain and regions of Italy has a capital city such as Seville or Naples while Madrid is the capital of the Community of Madrid and the Kingdom of Spain as a whole and Rome is the capital of Italy and the region of Lazio.
. Geography Dams on the Potomac River Main article: District of Columbia voting rights 1790 697,681 59,527 757,208 8% 3,929,214 19% 7 Aftermath Religion Oblique air photo of the confluence of the North and South Branches near Green Spring West Virginia Facing southwest River Mountain is on the right and Town Hill is on the left. . Marriage and children Alexander Hamilton wrote the Federalist Papers with Jay and Madison, The replacement for the importation of slaves from abroad was increased domestic production Virginia and Maryland had little new agricultural development and their need for slaves was mostly for replacements for decedents Normal reproduction more than supplied these: Virginia and Maryland had surpluses of slaves Their tobacco farms were "worn out" and the climate was not suitable for cotton or sugar cane the surplus was even greater because slaves were encouraged to reproduce (though they could not marry) the white supremacist Virginian Thomas Roderick Dew wrote in 1832 that Virginia was a "negro-raising state"; i.e Virginia "produced" slaves.:2. .
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