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The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States and consists of two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate the Congress meets in the United States Capitol in Washington D.C Both senators and representatives are chosen through direct election though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a gubernatorial appointment Congress has 535 voting members: 435 representatives and 100 senators the House of Representatives has six non-voting members representing Puerto Rico American Samoa Guam the Northern Mariana Islands the U.S Virgin Islands and the District of Columbia in addition to its 435 voting members Although they cannot vote in the full house these members can address the house sit and vote in congressional committees and introduce legislation. Louisiana was founded as a French colony Colonial officials in 1724 implemented Louis XIV of France's Code Noir which regulated the slave trade and the institution of slavery in New France and French Caribbean colonies This resulted in a different pattern of slavery in Louisiana purchased in 1803 compared to the rest of the United States as written the Code Noir gave some rights to slaves including the right to marry Although it authorized and codified cruel corporal punishment against slaves under certain conditions it forbade slave owners from torturing them or separating married couples (or to separate young children from their mothers) it also required the owners to instruct slaves in the Catholic faith. 13.3 Bibliography Across the South white legislatures enacted harsh new laws to curtail the already limited rights of African Americans Virginia prohibited blacks free or slave from practicing preaching prohibited blacks from owning firearms and forbade anyone to teach slaves or free blacks how to read it specified heavy penalties for both student and teacher if slaves were educated including whippings or jail, Some tribes held people as captive slaves late in the 19th century for instance "Ute Woman" was a Ute captured by the Arapaho and later sold to a Cheyenne She was kept by the Cheyenne to be used as a prostitute to serve American soldiers at Cantonment in the Indian Territory She lived in slavery until about 1880 She died of a hemorrhage resulting from "excessive sexual intercourse"; Fort Sumter's commander Major Robert Anderson sent a request for provisions to Washington and the execution of Lincoln's order to meet that request was seen by the secessionists as an act of war On April 12 1861 Confederate forces fired on Union troops at Fort Sumter and began the fight Historian Allan Nevins argued that the newly inaugurated Lincoln made three miscalculations: underestimating the gravity of the crisis exaggerating the strength of Unionist sentiment in the South and not realizing the Southern Unionists were insisting there be no invasion.:5:29, Born in Kentucky Lincoln grew up on the frontier in a poor family Self-educated he became a lawyer Whig Party leader Illinois state legislator and Congressman in 1849 he left government to resume his law practice but angered by the success of Democrats in opening the prairie lands to slavery reentered politics in 1854 He became a leader in the new Republican Party and gained national attention in 1858 for debating national Democratic leader Stephen A Douglas in the 1858 Illinois Senate campaign He then ran for President in 1860 sweeping the North and winning Southern pro-slavery elements took his win as proof that the North was rejecting the constitutional rights of Southern states to practice slavery They began the process of seceding from the union to secure its independence the new Confederate States of America fired on Fort Sumter one of the few U.S forts in the South Lincoln called up volunteers and militia to suppress the rebellion and restore the Union. Mary Todd Lincoln wife of Abraham Lincoln age 28, Time zone UTC-5 (EST), As early as 1651 the English government had sought to regulate trade in the American colonies On October 9 the Navigation Acts were passed pursuant to a mercantilist policy intended to ensure that trade enriched only Great Britain and barring trade with foreign nations. Some argue that the economic impact was minimal on the colonists, but the political friction which the acts triggered was more serious as the merchants most directly affected were most politically active. King Philip's War ended in 1678 and much of it was fought without significant assistance from England This contributed to the development of a unique identity separate from that of the British people.

. A delegation including John Adams and Benjamin Franklin met British admiral Richard Howe on Staten Island in New York Harbor on September 11 in what became known as the Staten Island Peace Conference Howe demanded that the Americans retract the Declaration of Independence which they refused to do and negotiations ended the British then seized New York City and nearly captured Washington's army They made New York their main political and military base of operations holding it until November 1783 the city became the destination for Loyalist refugees and a focal point of Washington's intelligence network. . . ; Lincoln in February 1865 two months before his death.