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. Rufus King Massachusetts 1 Yes The South developed an agricultural economy dependent on commodity crops Its planters rapidly acquired a significantly higher number and proportion of slaves in the population overall as its commodity crops were labor-intensive. Early on enslaved people in the South worked primarily on farms and plantations growing indigo rice and tobacco; cotton did not become a major crop until after the American Revolution and after the 1790s Before then long-staple cotton was cultivated primarily on the Sea Islands of Georgia and South Carolina, John Alsop New York 1 Yes 4.2 Political views Lincoln in 1858 the year of his debates with Stephen Douglas over slavery. Although most slaves had lives that were very restricted in terms of their movements and agency exceptions existed to virtually every generalization; for instance there were also slaves who had considerable freedom in their daily lives: slaves allowed to rent out their labor and who might live independently of their master in cities slaves who employed white workers and slave doctors who treated upper-class white patients. After 1820 in response to the inability to import new slaves from Africa and in part to abolitionist criticism some slaveholders improved the living conditions of their slaves to encourage them to be productive and to try to prevent escapes it was part of a paternalistic approach in the antebellum era that was encouraged by ministers trying to use Christianity to improve the treatment of slaves Slaveholders published articles in southern agricultural journals to share best practices in treatment and management of slaves; they intended to show that their system was better than the living conditions of northern industrial workers. James Madison Virginia 1 Yes, Northern abolitionists attacked the war as an attempt by slave-owners to strengthen the grip of slavery and thus ensure their continued influence in the federal government Prominent artists and writers opposed the war the Transcendentalist writers Henry David Thoreau and Ralph Waldo Emerson attacked the popular war Thoreau who served jail time for his opposition turned a lecture into an essay now known as Civil Disobedience Emerson was succinct predicting that "The United States will conquer Mexico but it will be as a man who swallowed the arsenic which brings him down in turn Mexico will poison us." Events proved him right as arguments over the expansion of slavery in the lands seized from Mexico would fuel the drift to civil war just a dozen years later, According to Adalberto Aguirre there were 1,161 slaves executed in the U.S between the 1790s and 1850s. Quick executions of innocent slaves as well as suspects typically followed any attempted slave rebellions as white militias overreacted with widespread killings that expressed their fears of rebellions or suspected rebellions. . Three major types of issues were addressed by the Compromise of 1850: a variety of boundary issues the status of territory issues and the issue of slavery While capable of analytical distinction the boundary and territory issues were actually included in the overarching issue of slavery Pro-slavery and anti-slavery interests were each concerned with both the amount of land on which slavery was permitted and with the number of States in the slave or free camps Since Texas was a slave state not only the residents of that state but also both camps on a national scale had an interest in the size of Texas.

. Formal portrait of Chief Justice John Jay wearing judge's robe, Results Valletta Malta (1571) 1920 437,571 32.2% Painting showing Washington and Lafayette on horseback in a winter setting at Valley Forge. 4.1 Crime The founding fathers were not unified on the issue of slavery in her study of Thomas Jefferson historian Annette Gordon-Reed discusses this topic "Others of the founders held slaves but no other founder drafted the charter for freedom" in addition to Jefferson George Washington John Jay and many other of the Founding Fathers practiced slavery but were also conflicted by the institution which many saw as immoral and politically divisive. Conversely many founders such as Samuel Adams and John Adams were against slavery their entire lives Benjamin Rush wrote a pamphlet in 1773 which harshly condemned slavery and beseeched the colonists to petition the king and put an end to the British African Company of Merchants which kept slavery and the slave trade going the Continental Association of 1774 contains a clause severely limiting the slave trade as part of the general boycott of British trade.