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. ! Main articles: Education during the Slave Period and Education of freed people during the Civil War! Star of the West Yellow flag waving.svg Liberalism portal 7 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Opposition History 11 Barbary pirates Scott's Mexico City campaign. Issues In early 1775 Lord Dunmore royal governor of Virginia wrote to Lord Dartmouth of his intent to free slaves owned by Patriots in case of rebellion. On November 7 1775 Lord Dunmore issued Lord Dunmore's Proclamation which declared martial law and promised freedom for any slaves of American patriots who would leave their masters and join the royal forces Slaves owned by Loyalist masters however were unaffected by Dunmore's Proclamation About 1500 slaves owned by Patriots escaped and joined Dunmore's forces Most died of disease before they could do any fighting Three hundred of these freed slaves made it to freedom in Britain, In sharp contrast Congress and the American states had no end of difficulty financing the war in 1775 there was at most 12 million dollars in gold in the colonies not nearly enough to cover current transactions let alone finance a major war the British made the situation much worse by imposing a tight blockade on every American port which cut off almost all imports and exports One partial solution was to rely on volunteer support from militiamen and donations from patriotic citizens. Another was to delay actual payments pay soldiers and suppliers in depreciated currency and promise that it would be made good after the war Indeed the soldiers and officers were given land grants in 1783 to cover the wages that they had earned but had not been paid during the war the national government did not have a strong leader in financial matters until 1781 when Robert Morris was named Superintendent of Finance of the United States. Morris used a French loan in 1782 to set up the private Bank of North America to finance the war He reduced the civil list saved money by using competitive bidding for contracts tightened accounting procedures and demanded the national government's full share of money and supplies from the individual states! ; !

Scott then marched westward on April 2 1847 toward Mexico City with 8,500 healthy troops while Santa Anna set up a defensive position in a canyon around the main road about 50 miles (80 km) north-west of Veracruz near the hamlet of Cerro Gordo Santa Anna had entrenched with 12,000 troops and artillery that were trained on the road where he expected Scott to appear However Scott had sent 2,600 mounted dragoons ahead and they reached the pass on April 12 the Mexican artillery prematurely fired on them and therefore revealed their positions beginning the Battle of Cerro Gordo! . . Wildflowers of the Potomac River Basin, On January 6 1759 Washington at age 26 married Martha Dandridge Custis the 28 year-old widow of wealthy plantation owner Daniel Parke Custis the marriage took place at Martha's estate; She was intelligent and gracious and experienced in managing a planter's estate and the couple created a happy marriage. They raised John Parke Custis (Jacky) and Martha Parke (Patsy) Custis children from her previous marriage and later their grandchildren Eleanor Parke Custis (Nelly) and George Washington Parke Custis (Washy) Washington's 1751 bout with smallpox is thought to have rendered him sterile though it is equally likely "Martha may have sustained injury during the birth of Patsy her final child making additional births impossible." They lamented the fact that they had no children together. They moved to Mount Vernon near Alexandria where he took up life as a planter of tobacco and wheat and emerged as a political figure, Southern slaves generally attended their masters' white churches where they often outnumbered the white congregants They were usually permitted to sit only in the back or in the balcony They listened to white preachers who emphasized the obligation of slaves to keep in their place and acknowledged the slave's identity as both person and property. Preachers taught the masters responsibility and the concept of appropriate paternal treatment using Christianity to improve conditions for slaves and to treat them "justly and fairly" (Col 4:1) This included masters having self-control not disciplining under anger not threatening and ultimately fostering Christianity among their slaves by example! 4.2 Prohibiting international trade Implementation 1976 81.6% 137,818 16.5% 27,873. A few Founding Fathers lived into their nineties including: Paine Wingate who died at age 98; Charles Carroll of Carrollton who died at age 95; Charles Thomson who died at 94; William Samuel Johnson who died at 92; and John Adams who died at 90 Among those who lived into their eighties were Benjamin Franklin Samuel Whittmore John Jay Thomas Jefferson James Madison John Armstrong Jr Hugh Williamson and George Wythe Approximately 16 died while in their seventies and 21 in their sixties Three (Alexander Hamilton Richard Dobbs Spaight and Button Gwinnett) were killed in duels Two John Adams and Thomas Jefferson died on the same day July 4 1826.