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During the Spanish colonial era the Californias (i.e. the Baja California peninsula and Alta California) were sparsely settled After Mexico became independent it shut down the missions and reduced its military presence in 1842 the US minister in Mexico Waddy Thompson Jr suggested Mexico might be willing to cede Alta California to settle debts saying: "As to Texas I regard it as of very little value compared with California the richest the most beautiful and the healthiest country in the world . with the acquisition of Upper California we should have the same ascendency on the Pacific . France and England both have had their eyes upon it."[citation needed], 4.3 Declarations of war Tariff of 1828 4 Planned capitals The L'Enfant Plan for Washington D.C. the capital of the United States. Main article: Abraham Lincoln assassination, Washington became an international symbol for liberation and nationalism as the leader of the first successful revolution against a colonial empire the Federalists made him the symbol of their party but the Jeffersonians continued to distrust his influence for many years and delayed building the Washington Monument. Washington was elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences on January 31 1781 before he had even begun his presidency. He was posthumously appointed to the grade of General of the Armies of the United States during the United States Bicentennial to ensure that he would never be outranked; this was accomplished by the congressional joint resolution Public Law 94-479 passed on January 19 1976 with an effective appointment date of July 4 1976.[u], 2.3 Midfield terminals Uncle Tom's Cabin Historians typically begin their histories of the American Revolution with the British coalition victory in the Seven Years' War in 1763 the North American theater of the Seven Years' War is commonly known as the French and Indian War in the United States; it removed France as a major player in North American affairs and led to the territory of New France being ceded to Great Britain Lawrence Henry Gipson writes:; Article XI offered a potential benefit to Mexico in that the US pledged to suppress the Comanche and Apache raids that had ravaged northern Mexico and pay restitutions to the victims of raids it could not prevent. However the Indian raids did not cease for several decades after the treaty although a cholera epidemic reduced the numbers of the Comanche in 1849. Robert Letcher U.S Minister to Mexico in 1850 was certain "that miserable 11th article" would lead to the financial ruin of the US if it could not be released from its obligations the US was released from all obligations of Article XI five years later by Article II of the Gadsden Purchase of 1853. European Organization for Nuclear Research: Meyrin a suburb of Geneva, Washington Union Station is one of the busiest rail stations in the United States, 1840 2,487,355 386,293 2,873,648 13% 17,063,353 17% Main article: Transportation in Washington D.C. 10.2 References Main article: Constitutional Convention (United States) Historians typically begin their histories of the American Revolution with the British coalition victory in the Seven Years' War in 1763 the North American theater of the Seven Years' War is commonly known as the French and Indian War in the United States; it removed France as a major player in North American affairs and led to the territory of New France being ceded to Great Britain Lawrence Henry Gipson writes:; . The percentage of families that owned slaves in 1860 in various groupings of states was as follows:.

Vte Proposals in 1846 to 1850 on the division of the Southwest included the following (some of which are not mutually exclusive):, Further information: List of capitals in the United States, The White House ruins after the conflagration of August 24 1814 Watercolor by George Munger displayed at the White House. California campaign Other professional and semi-professional teams in Washington include: Old Glory DC (Major League Rugby) the Washington Kastles (World TeamTennis); the Washington D.C Slayers (USA Rugby League); the Baltimore Washington Eagles (U.S Australian Football League); the D.C Divas (Independent Women's Football League); and the Potomac Athletic Club RFC (Rugby Super League) the William H.G FitzGerald Tennis Center in Rock Creek Park hosts the Citi Open Washington is also home to two major annual marathon races: the Marine Corps Marathon which is held every autumn and the Rock 'n' Roll USA Marathon held in the spring the Marine Corps Marathon began in 1976 and is sometimes called "The People's Marathon" because it is the largest marathon that does not offer prize money to participants.