. King George III D.C Military formations Washington's army of 11,000 went into winter quarters at Valley Forge north of Philadelphia in December 1777 They suffered between 2,000 and 3,000 deaths in extreme cold over six months mostly from disease and lack of food clothing and shelter. Meanwhile the British were comfortably quartered in Philadelphia paying for supplies in pounds sterling while Washington struggled with a devalued American paper currency the woodlands were soon exhausted of game and by February morale and increased desertions ensued. The scene of Washington on his deathbed with doctors and family surrounding; After the war the great majority of the approximately 500,000 Loyalists remained in America and resumed normal lives Some became prominent American leaders such as Samuel Seabury Approximately 46,000 Loyalists relocated to Canada; others moved to Britain (7,000) Florida or the West Indies (9,000) the exiles represented approximately two percent of the total population of the colonies. Nearly all black loyalists left for Nova Scotia Florida or England where they could remain free. Loyalists who left the South in 1783 took thousands of their slaves with them to be slaves in the British West Indies, Main article: Conquest of California.
; President Lincoln's assassination left him a national martyr He was viewed by abolitionists as a champion for human liberty Republicans linked Lincoln's name to their party Many though not all in the South considered Lincoln as a man of outstanding ability.:76 79 106 110 Historians have said he was "a classical liberal" in the 19th century sense Allen C Guelzo states that Lincoln was a, The historian Ira Berlin called this forced migration of slaves the "Second Middle Passage" because it reproduced many of the same horrors as the Middle Passage (the name given to the transportation of slaves from Africa to North America) These sales of slaves broke up many families and caused much hardship Characterizing it as the "central event" in the life of a slave between the American Revolution and the Civil War Berlin wrote that whether slaves were directly uprooted or lived in fear that they or their families would be involuntarily moved "the massive deportation traumatized black people both slave and free." Individuals lost their connection to families and clans Added to the earlier colonists combining slaves from different tribes many ethnic Africans lost their knowledge of varying tribal origins in Africa Most were descended from families who had been in the United States for many generations, Washington Crossing the Delaware December 25 1776 Emanuel Leutze (1851)[k]. . Abbreviations DC D.C 4.4 Brandywine Germantown and Saratoga Matthew Thornton New Hampshire 1 Yes The committee structure permits members of Congress to study a particular subject intensely It is neither expected nor possible that a member be an expert on all subject areas before Congress as time goes by members develop expertise in particular subjects and their legal aspects Committees investigate specialized subjects and advise the entire Congress about choices and trade-offs the choice of specialty may be influenced by the member's constituency important regional issues prior background and experience. Senators often choose a different specialty from that of the other senator from their state to prevent overlap. Some committees specialize in running the business of other committees and exert a powerful influence over all legislation; for example the House Ways and Means Committee has considerable influence over House affairs. .
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