Red Metric Law

Historian Caroline Robbins in 1977 examined the status of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence and concluded: {{quote|There were indeed disparities of wealth earned or inherited: some Signers were rich others had about enough to enable them to attend Congress .. the majority of revolutionaries were from moderately well-to-do or average income brackets Twice as many Loyalists belonged to the wealthiest echelon But some Signers were rich; few indigent .. the Signers were elected not for wealth or rank so much as because of the evidence they had already evinced of willingness for public service a few of them were wealthy or had financial resources that ranged from good to excellent but there are other founders who were less than wealthy On the whole they were less wealthy than the Loyalists, The original intention of the Residence Act was to use proceeds from selling lots in the District to cover costs of constructing federal buildings in the capital However few were interested in purchasing lots a shortage of funds further contributed to the delays and problems in building the Capitol and other federal buildings in Washington. Washington grew restless in retirement prompted by tensions with France and he wrote to Secretary of War James McHenry offering to organize President Adams' army. In a continuation of the French Revolutionary Wars French privateers began seizing American ships in 1798 and relations deteriorated with France and led to the "Quasi-War" Without consulting Washington Adams nominated him for a lieutenant general commission on July 4 1798 and the position of commander-in-chief of the armies. Washington chose to accept replacing James Wilkinson and he served as the commanding general from July 13 1798 until his death 17 months later He participated in planning for a provisional army but he avoided involvement in details in advising McHenry of potential officers for the army he appeared to make a complete break with Jefferson's Democratic-Republicans: "you could as soon scrub the blackamoor white as to change the principles of a profest Democrat; and that he will leave nothing unattempted to overturn the government of this country." Washington delegated the active leadership of the army to Hamilton a major general No army invaded the United States during this period and Washington did not assume a field command!

John Jay was president of the Continental Congress from 1778 to 1779 and negotiated the Treaty of Paris with Adams and Franklin, In the closing months of the war the British evacuated 20,000 freedmen from major coastal cities transporting more than 3,000 for resettlement in Nova Scotia where they were registered as Black Loyalists and eventually granted land They transported others to the Caribbean islands and some to England, Transportation Samuel Adams Massachusetts 3 Yes Yes Yes Washington D.C. Business Directory Defending the Revolution. . Washington D.C. Business Directory 1830 2,009,043 319,599 2,328,642 14% 12,860,702 18% Slaves on J J Smith's cotton plantation near Beaufort South Carolina photographed by Timothy O'Sullivan standing before their quarters in 1862. . February 1 1784 Nauru: Nauru a microstate of only 21 square kilometres (8.1 sq mi) has no distinct capital city but has a capital district instead, Baron Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben's incessant drilling soon transformed Washington's recruits into a disciplined fighting force, and the revitalized army emerged from Valley Forge early the following year. Washington promoted Von Steuben to Major General and made him chief of staff. Lincoln mentioned his Emancipation Proclamation to members of his cabinet on July 21 1862 Secretary of State William H Seward told Lincoln to wait for a victory before issuing the proclamation as to do otherwise would seem like "our last shriek on the retreat" in September 1862 the Battle of Antietam provided this opportunity and the subsequent War Governors' Conference added support for the proclamation. Lincoln had already published a letter encouraging the border states especially to accept emancipation as necessary to save the Union Lincoln later said that slavery was "somehow the cause of the war".