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. Washington became "America's first spymaster" by designing an espionage system against the British in 1778 Major Benjamin Tallmadge formed the Culper Ring at Washington's direction to covertly collect information about the British in New York. Washington had disregarded incidents of disloyalty by Benedict Arnold who had distinguished himself in many battles.

Washington had planned to resign after his first term but the political strife in the nation convinced him that he should remain in office. He was an able administrator and a judge of talent and character and he talked regularly with department heads to get their advice. He tolerated opposing views despite fears that a democratic system would lead to political violence and he conducted a smooth transition of power to his successor. He remained non-partisan throughout his presidency and opposed the divisiveness of political parties but he favored a strong central government was sympathetic to a Federalist form of government and leery of the Republican opposition, John Mathews South Carolina 1 Yes States admitted to the Union, This section's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions (May 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message). . A 1774 etching from the London Magazine copied by Paul Revere of Boston Prime Minister Lord North author of the Boston Port Act forces the Intolerable Acts down the throat of America whose arms are restrained by Lord Chief Justice Mansfield while Lord Sandwich pins down her feet and peers up her robes Behind them Mother Britannia weeps helplessly while France and Spain look on. Instead of taking the main road Scott's troops trekked through the rough terrain to the north setting up his artillery on the high ground and quietly flanking the Mexicans Although by then aware of the positions of U.S troops Santa Anna and his troops were unprepared for the onslaught that followed in the battle fought on April 18 the Mexican army was routed the U.S Army suffered 400 casualties while the Mexicans suffered over 1,000 casualties and 3,000 were taken prisoner in August 1847 Captain Kirby Smith of Scott's 3rd Infantry reflected on the resistance of the Mexican army:. Alfred Pleasonton 7.7 States admitted to the Union, 4.5 Treatment Valley Forge, Flag Official seal of Washington D.C Rather than reinforce Taylor's army for a continued advance President Polk sent a second army under General Winfield Scott which was transported to the port of Veracruz by sea to begin an invasion of the Mexican heartland On March 9 1847 Scott performed the first major amphibious landing in U.S history in preparation for the Siege of Veracruz a group of 12,000 volunteer and regular soldiers successfully offloaded supplies weapons and horses near the walled city using specially designed landing crafts Included in the invading force were Robert E Lee George Meade Ulysses S Grant James Longstreet and Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson.