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. Washington D.C formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington or D.C. is the capital of the United States. Founded after the American Revolution as the seat of government of the newly independent country Washington was named after George Washington the first president of the United States and a Founding Father. As the seat of the United States federal government and several international organizations Washington is an important world political capital the city located on the Potomac River bordering Maryland and Virginia is one of the most visited cities in the world with more than 20 million tourists annually, Night scene depicting Washington at center standing among officers and Indians around a lamp holding a war council, On Thursday December 12 1799 Washington inspected his farms on horseback in snow and sleet He returned home late for dinner but refused to change out of his wet clothes not wanting to keep his guests waiting He had a sore throat the following day but again went out in freezing snowy weather to mark trees for cutting That evening he complained of chest congestion but was still cheerful On Saturday he awoke to an inflamed throat and difficulty breathing so he ordered estate overseer George Rawlins to remove nearly a pint of his blood a practice of the time His family summoned Doctors James Craik Gustavus Richard Brown and Elisha C Dick. (Dr William Thornton arrived some hours after Washington died.). Congress created executive departments in 1789 including the State Department in July the Department of War in August and the Treasury Department in September Washington appointed fellow Virginian Edmund Randolph as Attorney General Samuel Osgood as Postmaster General Thomas Jefferson as Secretary of State and Henry Knox as Secretary of War Finally he appointed Alexander Hamilton as Secretary of the Treasury Washington's cabinet became a consulting and advisory body not mandated by the Constitution, Prior to World War II Hoover Field was the main commercial airport serving Washington on the site now occupied by the Pentagon and its parking lots it was replaced by Washington National Airport in 1941 a short distance southeast After the war in 1948 the Civil Aeronautics Administration began to consider sites for a second major airport to serve the nation's capital. Congress passed the Washington Airport Act in 1950 to provide funding for a new airport in the region the initial CAA proposal in 1951 called for the airport to be built in Fairfax County near what is now Burke Lake Park but protests from residents as well as the rapid expansion of Washington's suburbs during the time led to reconsideration of this plan. One competing plan called for the airport to be built in the Pender area of Fairfax County while another called for the conversion of Andrews Air Force Base in Prince George's County Maryland into an airport, On December 4 1786 Washington was chosen to lead the Virginia delegation but he declined on December 21 He had concerns about the legality of the convention and consulted James Madison Henry Knox and others They persuaded him to attend it however as his presence might induce reluctant states to send delegates and smooth the way for the ratification process. On March 28 Washington told Governor Edmund Randolph that he would attend the convention but made it clear that he was urged to attend. . New Jersey 11,423 12,422 10,851 7,557 2,254 674 236 18 In the late 20th century the media became more important in Congress's work. Analyst Michael Schudson suggested that greater publicity undermined the power of political parties and caused "more roads to open up in Congress for individual representatives to influence decisions". Norman Ornstein suggested that media prominence led to a greater emphasis on the negative and sensational side of Congress and referred to this as the tabloidization of media coverage. Others saw pressure to squeeze a political position into a thirty-second soundbite a report characterized Congress in 2013 as being unproductive gridlocked and "setting records for futility" in October 2013 with Congress unable to compromise the government was shut down for several weeks and risked a serious default on debt payments causing 60% of the public to say they would "fire every member of Congress" including their own representative. One report suggested Congress posed the "biggest risk to the US economy" because of its brinksmanship "down-to-the-wire budget and debt crises" and "indiscriminate spending cuts" resulting in slowed economic activity and keeping up to two million people unemployed. There has been increasing public dissatisfaction with Congress, with extremely low approval ratings which dropped to 5% in October 2013.

. The British government already at war with Napoleonic France adopted a defensive strategy against the United States when the Americans declared war in 1812 Reinforcements were held back from Canada and reliance was instead made on local militias and native allies to bolster the British Army in Canada However after the defeat and exile of Napoleon Bonaparte in April 1814 Britain was able to use its now available troops and ships to prosecute its war with the United States in addition to reinforcements sent to Canada the Earl of Bathurst Secretary of State for War and the Colonies dispatched an army brigade and additional naval vessels to Bermuda from where a blockade of the US coast and even the occupation of some coastal islands had been overseen throughout the war it was decided to use these forces in raids along the Atlantic seaboard to draw American forces away from Canada the commanders were under strict orders however not to carry out operations far inland or to attempt to hold territory Early in 1814 Vice Admiral Sir Alexander Cochrane had been appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Navy's North America and West Indies Station controlling naval forces based at the new Bermuda dockyard and the Halifax Naval Yard which were used to blockade US Atlantic ports throughout the war He planned to carry the war into the United States by attacks in Virginia and against New Orleans. Washington D.C. Business Directory 1850s Emancipation Proclamation The Mexican Cession shown in red and the later Gadsden Purchase shown in yellow Slaves shipped to those regions that are part of the present-day United States. Main article: Women in the American Revolution, Committees write legislation while procedures such as the House discharge petition process can introduce bills to the House floor and effectively bypass committee input yet they are exceedingly difficult to implement without committee action Committees have power and have been called independent fiefdoms Legislative oversight and internal administrative tasks are divided among about two hundred committees and subcommittees which gather information evaluate alternatives and identify problems. They propose solutions for consideration by the full chamber in addition they perform the function of oversight by monitoring the executive branch and investigating wrongdoing. . General Grant Numerous universities including George Washington University and Washington University in St Louis were named in honor of Washington, Implied powers and the commerce clause, In early 1776 France set up a major program of aid to the Americans and the Spanish secretly added funds Each country spent one million "livres tournaises" to buy munitions a dummy corporation run by Pierre Beaumarchais concealed their activities American Patriots obtained some munitions through the Dutch Republic as well as French and Spanish ports in the West Indies! 15 External links Nashville Convention The President's House in Philadelphia was Washington's residence from 1790 to 1797.