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World Tourism Organization: Madrid, In the final months of his presidency Washington was assailed by his political foes and a partisan press who accused him of being ambitious and greedy while he argued that he had taken no salary during the war and had risked his life in battle He regarded the press as a disuniting "diabolical" force of falsehoods sentiments that he expressed in his Farewell Address. At the end of his second term Washington retired for personal and political reasons dismayed with personal attacks and to ensure that a truly contested presidential election could be held He did not feel bound to a two-term limit but his retirement set a significant precedent Washington is often credited with setting the principal of a two-term presidency but it was Thomas Jefferson who first refused to run for a third term on political grounds, Astana Kazakhstan (1997) Education; Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States: Castries Washington owned slaves for labor and trading and supported measures passed by Congress protecting slavery in order to preserve national unity He later became troubled with the institution of slavery and freed his slaves in a 1799 will He endeavored to assimilate Native Americans into Western culture but responded to their hostility in times of war He was a member of the Anglican Church and the Freemasons and he urged broad religious freedom in his roles as general and president Upon his death he was eulogized as "first in war first in peace and first in the hearts of his countrymen." He has been memorialized by monuments art geographical locations stamps and currency and many scholars and polls rank him among the greatest American presidents. A Bureau of Engraving and Printing portrait of Hamilton as Secretary of the Treasury, In late 1778 General Clinton shipped 3,000 troops from New York to Georgia and launched a Southern invasion against Savannah reinforced by 2,000 British and Loyalist troops They repelled an attack by Patriots and French naval forces which bolstered the British war effort, The city became the staging area for what became the Manassas Campaign When Brig Gen Irvin McDowell's beaten and demoralized army staggered back into Washington after the stunning Confederate victory at the First Battle of Bull Run the realization came that the war might be prolonged and efforts began to fortify the city in case of a Confederate assault Lincoln knew he had to have a professional and trained army to protect the Capital area and therefore began by organizing the Department on the Potomac on August 4 1861, and the Army of the Potomac 16 days later. The continued involuntary servitude took various forms but the primary forms included convict leasing peonage and sharecropping with the latter eventually encompassing poor whites as well By the 1930s whites constituted most of the sharecroppers in the South Mechanization of agriculture had reduced the need for farm labor and many blacks left the South in the Great Migration. 6.3 Foreign affairs This section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed, The independent Republic of Texas won the decisive Battle of San Jacinto (April 21 1836) against Mexico and captured Mexican president Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna He signed the Treaties of Velasco which recognized the Rio Grande as the boundary of the Republic of Texas the treaties were then repudiated by the government of Mexico which insisted that Mexico remained sovereign over Texas since Santa Anna had signed the treaty under coercion and promised to reclaim the lost territories to the extent that there was a de facto recognition Mexico treated the Nueces River as its northern boundary control a vast largely-unsettled area was between the two rivers Neither Mexico nor the Republic of Texas had the military strength to assert its territorial claim On December 29 1845 the Republic of Texas was annexed to the United States and became the 28th state Texas was staunchly committed to slavery with its constitution making it illegal for the legislature to free slaves.

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