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Notes: Brussels Belgium (1985 renewed 2002 and 2011) 12.1 Footnotes One of Congress's foremost non-legislative functions is the power to investigate and oversee the executive branch. Congressional oversight is usually delegated to committees and is facilitated by Congress's subpoena power. Some critics have charged that Congress has in some instances failed to do an adequate job of overseeing the other branches of government in the Plame affair critics including Representative Henry A Waxman charged that Congress was not doing an adequate job of oversight in this case. There have been concerns about congressional oversight of executive actions such as warrantless wiretapping although others respond that Congress did investigate the legality of presidential decisions. Political scientists Ornstein and Mann suggested that oversight functions do not help members of Congress win reelection Congress also has the exclusive power of removal allowing impeachment and removal of the president federal judges and other federal officers. There have been charges that presidents acting under the doctrine of the unitary executive have assumed important legislative and budgetary powers that should belong to Congress. So-called signing statements are one way in which a president can "tip the balance of power between Congress and the White House a little more in favor of the executive branch" according to one account. Past presidents including Ronald Reagan George H W Bush Bill Clinton and George W Bush have made public statements when signing congressional legislation about how they understand a bill or plan to execute it and commentators including the American Bar Association have described this practice as against the spirit of the Constitution. There have been concerns that presidential authority to cope with financial crises is eclipsing the power of Congress in 2008 George F Will called the Capitol building a "tomb for the antiquated idea that the legislative branch matters". Each territory and Washington D.C elect a non-voting delegate to the U.S House of Representatives as they have throughout Congressional history They "possess the same powers as other members of the House except that they may not vote when the House is meeting as the House of Representatives." They are assigned offices and allowances for staff participate in debate and appoint constituents to the four military service academies for the Army Navy Air Force and Coast Guard. Before the secession of Texas Mexico comprised almost 1,700,000 sq mi (4,400,000 km2) but by 1849 it was just under 800,000 square miles (2,100,000 km2) Another 30,000 square miles (78,000 km2) were sold to the U.S in the Gadsden Purchase of 1853 so the total reduction of Mexican territory was more than 55% or 900,000 square miles (2,300,000 km2), Main articles: George Washington and slavery Slavery in the colonial United States and Slavery in the United States. Lincoln is largely responsible for the Thanksgiving holiday.:471 Thanksgiving had become a regional holiday in New England in the 17th century it had been sporadically proclaimed by the federal government on irregular dates the prior proclamation had been during James Madison's presidency 50 years earlier in 1863 Lincoln declared the final Thursday in November of that year to be a day of Thanksgiving.:471.

. President John Adams made his first official visit to Washington in early June 1800 which lasted for several days Amid the "raw and unfinished" cityscape the president found the public buildings "in a much greater forwardness of completion than expected." the Senate (north) wing of the Capitol was nearly completed as was the White House the president moved into the White House on November 1 First Lady Abigail Adams arrived a few weeks later the Senate of the Sixth Congress met in the Capitol for the first time on November 17 and on November 22 Adams delivered his fourth State of the Union Address to a joint session of Congress in the Senate chamber the House (south) wing was not completed until 1811 Nonetheless the House of Representatives began meeting there in 1807.[citation needed]. By law Washington's skyline is low and sprawling the federal Height of Buildings Act of 1910 allows buildings that are no taller than the width of the adjacent street plus 20 feet (6.1 m). Despite popular belief no law has ever limited buildings to the height of the United States Capitol Building or the 555-foot (169 m) Washington Monument, which remains the District's tallest structure City leaders have criticized the height restriction as a primary reason why the District has limited affordable housing and traffic problems caused by urban sprawl, Post-revolution Southern manumissions 1972 78.1% 127,627 21.6% 35,226, West Virginia was admitted to the Union on June 20 1863 Nevada which became the third State in the far-west of the continent was admitted as a free state on October 31 1864.:300 539! Many of the Founding Fathers were under 40 years old at the time of the signing of the Declaration of Independence in 1776: Alexander Hamilton was 19 Aaron Burr was 20 Gouverneur Morris was 24 the oldest were Benjamin Franklin 70 and Samuel Whittemore 81, Notable operations and milestones Washington D.C. Business Directory Aside from the disposition of the territories other issues had risen to prominence during the Taylor years the Washington D.C slave trade angered many in the North who viewed the presence of slavery in the capital as a blemish on the nation Disputes around fugitive slaves had grown since 1830 in part due to improving means of transportation as escaped slaves used roads railroads and ships to escape the Fugitive Slave Act of 1793 had granted jurisdiction to all state and federal judges over cases regarding fugitive slaves but several Northern states dissatisfied by the lack of due process in these cases had passed personal liberty laws that made it more difficult to return alleged fugitive slaves to the South. Congress also faced the issue of Utah which like California and New Mexico had been ceded by Mexico Utah was inhabited largely by Mormons whose practice of polygamy was unpopular in the United States. .